1986年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题_英语真题及解析_考研英语_

1986年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

2005-3-7 14:01:50 考研共济网

ⅠIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (15 points)

EXAMPLE:

(A) I was caught the rain yesterday.

ain bbycwithdat

()1No doctors could cure the patient his strange disease.

awith

bof

cfrom

doff

()2He was his wits' end what to do.

ain

bon

cat

dof

()3Prior his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.

ato

bof

cin

dfrom

()4The driving instructor told me to pull at the post office.

aup

bback

cround

dalong

()5When there's a doubt, the chairman's decision is .

aright

bdefinite

cfixed

dfinal

()6We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgement is always .

aunquestionable

bsound

csubtle

dhealthy

()7The noise of the plane died in the distance.

aaway

bout

cdown

doff

()8Hospital doctors don't go out very often as their work all their time.

atakes away

btakes in

ctakes over

dtakes up

()9Attendance at football matches have since the coming of television.

adropped in

bdropped sown

cdropped off

ddropped out

()10After the death of their parents, the sisters got well and never quarreled.

aaway

bin

calong

dout

()11They always give the vacant seats to comes first.

awho

bwhom

cwhoever

dwhomever

()12Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.

ain that

bin which

cin order that

din the way

()13He is of an actor.

aanybody

banyone

csomebody

dsomething

()14The captain apologized to tell us more about the accident.

afor to be unable

bthat he was unable

cto be unable

dfor being unable

()15 is no reason for discharging her.

aBecause she as a few minutes late

bOwing to a few minutes being late

cThe fact that she was a few minutes late

dBeing a few minutes late

ⅡFor each numbered blank in the following passage the are four choices labelled a,b,c and d, Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)

For instance, the automobile tunnel might huge ventilation problems.

amake

bbring

craise

dcreate

On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or 16 she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and 17 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed 18 she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour 19 she liked best: looking in furnitureshop windows.

One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 20 without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where almost at once, she stopped 21 before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: "This fine chair is yours 22 less than a pound a week," and very small at the bottom. "Cash price eightynine pounds fifty." A pound a week... 23, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her 24"Can I help you, Madam?" She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 25.

"Oh, well, no," she said. "I was just looking." "We've chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you'll just come up, you will find something to suit you."

Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn't need, left the shop hurriedly.

()16

aso

bmore

celse

danother

()17

ataking

bmaking

cfixing

dkeeping

()18

abuy

bbought

cbuying

dto have bought

()19

ain a way

bby the way

cin the way

don the way

()20

abehind

bround

cback

don

()21

adoubted

bwondered

cpuzzled

ddelighted

()22

aat

bfor

cwith

din

()23

aWhy

bWhen

cHow

dWhat

()24

ajump

bleap

claugh

dwonder

()25

aplace

bback

cside

dfront

ⅢEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)

Ⅰ

There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people "generalists". And these "generalists" are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people's work, to begin it and judge it.

The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a "trained" man; and his educational background is properly technical or professtional. The generalist-and especially the administrator-deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.

Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you-but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

()26There is an increasing demand for

aallround people in their own fields

bpeople whose job is to organize other people's work.

cgeneralists whose educational background is either technical or professional.

dspecialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others.

()27The specialist is

aa man whose job is to train other people.

ba man who has been trained in more than one fields.

ca man who can see the forest rather than the trees.

da man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters

()28The administrator is

aa "trained" man who is more a specialist than a generalist.

ba man who sees the trees as well as the forest.

ca man who is very strong in the humanities.

da man who is an "educated" specialist.

()29During your training period, it is important

ato try to be a generalist.

bto choose a profitable job.

cto find an organization which fits you.

dto decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist.

()30A man's first job

ais never the right job for him.

bshould not be regarded as his final job.

cshould not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any job.

dis primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job.

Ⅱ

At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a great land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and clevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot less than one per cent ofits area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe. Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world the Atlantic. Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia-a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry, or settlement.

()31The best title for this selection would beaIceland bLand of OpportunitycThe Unknown Continent dUtopia at Last

()32At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was

avery limited

bvast

cvery limited

dnonexistent

()33Antarctica is bordered by the

aPacific Ocean

bIndian Ocean

cAtlantic Ocean

dAll three

()34The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by

acold air

bclam seas

cice

dlack of knowledge about the continent

()35According to this article

a2000 people live on the Antarctic Continent

b a million people live within 2000 miles of the South Pole

cweather conditions within a 2000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impractical

donly a handful of natives inhabit Antarctica

ⅣFill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences.

Put your choices in the brackets on the left. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

(D)It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it six houses.aendedbfinishedcwasdlasted

()36Music often us of events in the past.

aremembers

bmemorizes

creminds

dreflects

()37If I take this medicine twice a day it should my cold.aheat

bcure

ctreat

drecover

38I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't what colour it was.

amake out

blook to

clook out

dtake in

()39I could tell he was surprised from the on his face.

aappearance

bshock

clook

dsight

()40The toy boat turned over and sank to the of the pool.abase

bdepth

cground

dbottom

()41Mary never tells anyone what she does for a .

ajob

bwork

cprofession

dliving

()42That boy is such a good violinist he will probably make quite a for himself.

astar

bcredit

cname

dcharacter

()43Old photographs give one a brief of the past.

aglance

bglimpse

csight

dlook

()44The novelist is a highly person.

aimaginable

bimaginative

cimaginary

dimagined

()45Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work in other ways.

apayable

brespectful

cgrateful

drewarding

ⅤEach question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labelled a,b,c and d. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

You've to hurry up if you want to buy something because a there'sb hardly somethingcleft.d

46The professor told the economicsa student that he didn't approve binc his taking the advanced course befored he made a passing mark in Economics 1.

()

47Although a great number of houses in that area are still a in need of repair, b therehave been c improvement in the facilities. d

()

48Mr. Gilmore is one of those men who appearsa to be friendlyb however, it is very hard to dealcwith him.d

()

49To understand the situation completelyarequiresb more thought than has givencthus far.d

()

50A great manya educators firmlyb believe that English is one of the poorestc taught subjects in high schools today.d

()

51Of all his outdoora activities. Paul likes fishing best of all,b but he doesn't enjoy cleaningc fishing rods afterwards.d

()

52I shoulda not have recognized theb man evenc you had told

d me his name.

()

53In an hour'sa time I had done the work withb my satisfaction; I got my hat inc hall and slipped out unnoticed.d

()

54The new hotel has erecteda a beautiful building withb recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor in whichc the finest view of the city can be obtained.d

()

55While ina Europe, the tourists enjoyed tob their heart'sc content the weather, the food and going to the theatre.d

()

ⅥFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points)

EXAMPLE：

It is highly desirable that a new president (should) be appointed for this college.

56The enemy retreated to the woods after they (defeat).

57I (speak) to him for some time before I realized who he was.

58One should never lose one's heart when (confront) with temporary difficulties.

59The house suddenly collapsed while it (pull) down.

60On (give) an assignment to make a business tour abroad, he gladly accepted it.

61 (get) everything ready, they got down to map out a plan for the construction of a new express way.

62After Peter grew a beard, even his close friends (not recognize) him at first sight.

63Darkness (set) in, the young people lingered on merrymaking.

64The students were to (assemble) at the auditorium before 1∶30 p.m., but the lecture was canceled at the last minute.

65Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained (take) into account before starting a new project.

ⅦTranslate the following sentences into English. (15 points)

66去年的好收成是由于农场管理的改进和有利的气体条件.

67他在科研上取得的成就要比预期的大.

68我们现在必须做的是把情况作一番仔细的调查.

69很难说哪个方案更为切实可行.

70昨晚如果他来了，问题也许已得到解决.

ⅧTranslate the following passage into Chinese. Only the sentences in heavy type are to be translated. (20 points)

It would be interesting to discover how many young people go to university without any clear idea of what they are going to do afterwards. (71)If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered, it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and abilities. (72)If a student goes to university to acquire a broader perspective of life, to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself, he will undoubtedly benefit. (73) Schools often have too restricting an atmosphere, with its time tables and disciplines, to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do. (74) Most students would, I believe, profit by a year of such exploration of different academic studies, especially those "allrounders" with no particular interest. They should have longer time to dicide in what subject they want to take their degrees, so that in later life, they do not look back and say, "I should like to have been an archaeologist. If I hadn't taken a degree in Modern Languages, I shouldn't have ended up as an interpreter, but it's too late now. I couldn't go back and begin all over again."

(75)There is, of course, another side to the question of how to make the best use of one's time at university. (76) This is the case of the student who excels in a particular branch of learning. (77) He is immediately accepted by the University of his choice, and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist, emerging with a firstclass Honour Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about. (78) It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice. Only in this way can we be sure that we are not to have, on the one hand, a band of specialists ignorant of anything outside of their own subject, and on the other hand, an everincreasing number of graduates qualified in subjects for which there is little or no demand in the working world.

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